整合SSM
1、使用的环境
环境:
- IDEA
- MySQL 8
- Tomcat 8
- Maven 3.5
要求:
- 需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库,Spring,JavaWeb及MyBatis知识,简单的前端知识;
2、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
- AUTO_INCREMENT 自动添加id
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
3、基本环境搭建
新建一Maven项目! ssmbuild , 添加web的支持
导入相关的pom依赖!
<dependencies> <!--Junit--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--Lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.12</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!--数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet - JSP --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> </dependency> <!--Spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies>Maven资源过滤设置
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>建立基本结构和配置框架!
com.xj.pojo
com.xj.dao
com.xj.service
com.xj.controller
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>applicationContext.xml(Spring)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/springbeans.xsd"> </beans>
4、Mybatis层编写
数据库配置文件 database.properties
注意:此处为mysql 8的配置
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?serverTimezone=GMT&createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&autoReconnect=true jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=1234IDEA关联数据库

编写MyBatis的核心配置文件 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--为改包下的实体类起别名--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.xj.pojo"/> </typeAliases> <!--注册映射文件--> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/xj/dao/BookMapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>编写数据库对应的实体类 com.xj.pojo.Books
package com.xj.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books { private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail; }编写Dao层的 Mapper接口!
package com.xj.dao; import com.xj.pojo.Books; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }编写接口对应的 BookMapper.xml 文件。需要有导入MyBatis的包;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.xj.dao.BookMapper"> <!--增加一个Book--> <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books"> insert into ssmbuild.books (bookID,bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{ bookID} , #{ bookName} , #{ bookCounts} , #{ detail} ); </insert> <!--根据id删除一个Book--> <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int"> delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{ bookID} </delete> <!--更新Book--> <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books"> update ssmbuild.books set bookID=#{ bookID} , bookName=#{ bookName} , bookCounts=#{ bookCounts} , detail=#{ detail} where bookID=#{ bookID} </update> <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--> <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{ bookID} </select> <!--查询全部Book--> <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books </select> </mapper>编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口:(定义的方法与接口类的一样)
package com.xj.service; import com.xj.pojo.Books; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; import java.util.List; public interface BookService { // 增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); // 根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id); // 更新Book int updateBook(Books books); // 根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id); // 查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }实现类(面向接口):
package com.xj.service; import com.xj.dao.BookMapper; import com.xj.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { // 调用Dao层的操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理 private BookMapper bookMapper; public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) { this.bookMapper = bookMapper; } public int addBook(Books book) { return bookMapper.addBook(book); } public int deleteBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id); } public int updateBook(Books books) { return bookMapper.updateBook(books); } public Books queryBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.queryBookById(id); } public List<Books> queryAllBook() { return bookMapper.queryAllBook(); } }
OK,到此,底层需求操作编写完毕!
5、Spring层
配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池;
我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置整合mybatis --> <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/> <!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <!--数据库连接池 dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接 c3p0 自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面) --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${ jdbc.driver} "/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${ jdbc.url} "/> <property name="user" value="${ jdbc.username} "/> <property name="password" value="${ jdbc.password} "/> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --> <!--解释 : https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.xj.dao"/> </bean> </beans>Spring整合service层; spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 扫描service相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xj.service" /> <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--> <bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.xj.service.BookServiceImpl"> <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/> </bean> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
Spring层搞定!再次理解一下,Spring就是一个大杂烩,一个容器!对吧!
6、SpringMVC层
添加框架支持
配置web.xml文件
这里需要加载的是总文件applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servletclass> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件,之前被这里坑了!--> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--encodingFilter--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--Session过期时间--> <session-config> <session-timeout>15</session-timeout> </session-config> </web-app>spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xj.controller" /> </beans>Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!--导入三部分文件--> <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/> <import resource="spring-service.xml"/> <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/> </beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!Controller 和 视图层编写
7、Controller 和 视图层编写
方法一:查询全部书籍
BookController 类编写
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { // 自动装配 @Autowired @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl") private BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook(); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; } }编写首页 index.jsp(获取当前路径${pageContext.request.contextPath})
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>首页 点击进入列表页
数据列表页面allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>书籍列表 配置Tomcat并启动测试,并对web导入包,不然出现404
方法二:添加书籍
BookController 类编写
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook") public String toAddPaper() { return "addBook"; } @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addPaper(Books books) { System.out.println(books); bookService.addBook(books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>新增书籍 新增书籍
方法三:修改书籍
BookController 类编写
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook") public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) { Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id); System.out.println(books); model.addAttribute("book",books ); return "updateBook"; } @RequestMapping("/updateBook") public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) { System.out.println(book); bookService.updateBook(book); Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID()); model.addAttribute("books", books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>修改信息 修改信息
方法四:删除书籍
BookController 类编写
@RequestMapping("/del/{ bookId} ") public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) { bookService.deleteBookById(id); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
方法五:实现查询书籍功能
前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮
编写查询的Controller
@RequestMapping("/queryBook") public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){ System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName); //业务逻辑还没有写 return "allBook"; }由于底层没有实现,所以我们要将底层代码先搞定(根据书名查询的功能)
BookMapper接口
//根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookByName(String bookName);BookMapper.xml
<!--根据书名查询,返回一个Book--> <select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{ bookName} </select>Service接口
//根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookByName(String bookName);Service实现类
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) { return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName); }完善Controller
@RequestMapping("/queryBook") public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){ System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName); Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName); List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>(); list.add(books); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; }进行优化!我们发现查询的东西不存在的时候,查出来的页面是空的,我们可以提高一下用户的体验性!
在前端添加一个展示全部书籍的按钮

并在后台增加一些判断性的代码!
@RequestMapping("/queryBook") public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){ System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName); //如果查询的数据存在空格,则优化 Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName.trim()); List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>(); list.add(books); //如果没有查出来书籍,则返回全部书籍列表 if (books==null){ list = bookService.queryAllBook(); model.addAttribute("error", "没有找到本书!"); } model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; }将错误信息展示在前台页面!完整的查询栏代码
<form class="form-inline" action="${ pageContext.request.contextPath} /book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right"> <span style="color:red;font-weight: bold">${ error} </span> <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required> <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary"> </form>
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!这个练习十分的重要,大家
需要保证,不看任何东西,自己也可以完整的实现出来!
项目结构图:

报错:
无法在web.xml或使用此应用程序部署的jar文件中解析绝对uri:[http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core]
解决方法:
- 修改D:\TomCat\apache-tomcat-8.5.53\conf的catalina.properties文件,可能是jstl包被跳过了
tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanFilter.jarsToSkip=\ taglibs-standard-compat-1.2.5.jar,\ taglibs-standard-impl-1.2.5.jar,\ taglibs-standard-jstlel-1.2.5.jar,\ taglibs-standard-spec-1.2.5,jar,\- 如果不行在导入其他依赖
<!--jstl--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--下面两个standard,试试哪个可以吧--> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId> <version>1.2.5</version> </dependency>
MySQL8的错误
修改url
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?serverTimezone=GMT&createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&autoReconnect=true修改导入的依赖
<dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency>
- 本文链接:https://lxjblog.gitee.io/2020/08/02/ssm/
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